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. Injurious and useful insects; an introduction to the study of economic entomology. Insects; Beneficial insects; Insect pests. LADY-BIRDS 43. Fig- 35*—Two-spot lady-bird (Adalia bipunctata). X lo. their food is ready to hand. The larva does not look much like a predatory animal. Its body is flat; broad, tapering behind, and of soft texture. Its colour is grey, changing to yellow on the under side, and diversified with black and yellow warts, and pencils of black bristles. The head is small. Six rather long legs serve for locomotion, aided by the tip of the abdomen, which can be lengthened at pleasure, and used to shove the body along. The larva runs about on plants to seek aphids, and devours them in great numbers, for the aphids are abso- lutely fixed to the plant by their beaks, and have no effectual de- fences. The lady-bird larva grows fast, and changes its skin more than once. When it is full-fed, by the destruction of countless aphids, it settles upon a leaf, and secretes a sticky fluid from the end of the abdomen, which glues it fast; the hairs are cast; the skin splits along the back, and by the wriggling movements of the body within, is worked towards the tail-end, where it sticks in a wrinkled mass like a stocking drawn off the leg. The pupa becomes visible as soon as the last larval skin is cast. It is very unlike the full-grown beetle, the small wing-covers concealing only a part of the body, which is very conspicuously segmented, and of an orange-yellow colour. It hangs by the tail, and, when disturbed, swings its body to and fro several times in rapid vibration. The winged beetle has the shape of an egg cut lengthwise through the middle. The body is strongly arched above, and flattened beneath. The small head is partly sunk into the thorax. The tarsus is apparently three - jointed in all the legs; not truly three-jointed, however, for a minute extra joint can be discovered by close examination at the base. Please note that these images are extracted